Greek lexicon
Something I thought might be neat to have. Not a full dictionary, but just a list of some of the words that have prominent derivatives in English or other languages. This could be very cool if we ever got a Greek alphabet, and someone who knows Greek. (Note: if someone who actually knows Greek sees this page, please check the suffixes of the words below, I know of myself that many of them are little more than educated guesses)
Alphabet being used - a b g d e z ê th i k l m n x o p r s t u ph kh ps ô - plus h for breathing (the 'h' is not considered an independent letter in Greek, thus words starting with h are alphabetized under the second letter). Note that in general the Greek 'u' becomes a 'y' when the word is used in English or other modern languages, while a 'k' often becomes a 'c'.
The (modern) Greek alphabet is: Αα, Ββ, Γγ, Δδ, Εε, Ζζ, Ηη, Θθ, Ιι, Κκ, Λλ, Μμ, Νν, Ξξ, Οο, Ππ, Ρρ, Σσς, Ττ, Υυ, Φφ, Χχ, Ψψ Ωω
| anêr, andros | man (male human) | ανήρ, ανδρός |
| anthos, -ous | flower | άνθος |
| anthrôpos, -ou, -o | human being | άνθρωπος |
| arakhnê | spider | αράχνη |
| astêr | star | αστήρ |
| autos, -ê, -o | self (reflexive pronoun) | αυτός, --ή, -ό |
| barbaros | stranger, non-Greek | βάρβαρος |
| bios | life | βίος |
| gaia | earth | γαία |
| graphein | to write | γράφειν |
| gunê | woman | γυνή |
| dêmos | district, its inhabitants, commoners | δήμος |
| eu | well | ευ |
| zoon | animal | ζώον |
| iatros | doctor | ιατρός |
| ikhthus | fish | ιχθύς |
| kakos, -ê, -on | bad | κακός, -ή, -ον |
| kleistos, -h, -on | closed, shut | κλειστός, -ή, ον |
| lithos | stone | λίθος |
| legein logos, -ou, -on | to pick up, count, say thought, word (verbal noun) | λέγειν λόγος, -ου, -ον |
| makros | Large | μακρός |
| melas, -aina, -an | pigmented, black, ink | μέλας, -αίνα, αν |
| mikros | small | μικρός |
| monos, -ê, -on | alone, solitary, forsaken | μόνος, -η, -ο |
| neos | new, young | νέος |
| xenos | strange, stranger, guest | ξένος |
| oligos, -ê, -on | few, little, small | ολίγος, -η, -ον |
| homoios | equal | όμοιος |
| pais | boy, child | παίς |
| paideia (or pedia) | education, culture | παιδεία |
| pan | all, complete | παν |
| peri | around | περί |
| polus, pollê, polu | many, much | πολύς, πολλή, πολύ |
| ris, rinos | nose | ρίς, ρινός |
| saura | lizard | σαύρα |
| sophein sophia | to know knowledge, wisdom | σοφείν σοφία |
| tele | far away | τηλέ |
| hupnos, -ou, -o | sleep | ύπνος, -ου, -ο |
| phone | voice | φωνή |
| philos, -ê philia | friend friendship | φίλος, -η φιλία |
| phobia phobos | irrational fear fear | φοβία φόβος |
| phiton, -o | plant | φυτόν, -ό |
| khaitê | loose, flowing hair | χαίτη |
| psikhe | spirit, mind, psyche | ψυχή |
| ôon | egg | ωόν |
Some more Modern Greek words (written in simple Latin transliteration): home = oikos (Ancient and Modern Greek), spiti (Modern Greek) Philosophy = filosofia Physics = fisiki tree = dentro computer = ipologistis electronic = ilektronikos digital = psifiakos religion = thriskia space = diastima bird = pouli Internet = diadiktio network = diktio drachma = drahmi (drachmi) euro = evro gift = doro sea = thalassa metaphysics = metafisiki science = epistimi scientist = epistimonas Greece = ellas, ellada Greek = ellinas (for people), elliniko god = theos printer = ektipotis magazine = periodiko book = vivlio mouse = podiki Chemistry = himia (chimia) encyclopedia = egiklopedia France = gallia Frenchman = gallos Frenchwoman = gallida French = galliko, gallika (language) England = agglia Englishman = agglos Englishwoman = agglida English = aggliko, agglika (language) America = ameriki American man = amerikanos American woman = amerikanida American = american China = kina Chinese man = kinezos Chinese woman = kineza Chinese = kineziko, kinezika (language) Germany = germania German man = germanos German woman = germanida German = germaniko, germanika (language) Russia = rossia Japan = iaponia Spain = ispania Sweden = souidia India = india (indhia) Brazil = vrazilia Australia = afstralia Turkey = tourkia mountain = vouno, oros plant = fito flower = louloudi star = astro planet = planitis Astronomy = astronomia road = dromos street = odos right = deksia left = aristera sun = ilios rock = vrahos (vrachos) old = paleos, palios old man = geros old woman = gria young man = neos young woman = nea Christian = hristianos (christianos) Taoist = taoistis Buddhist = voudistis Muslim = mousoulmanos, moamethanos Jewish = ioudeos Jew = evreos, ioudeos picture = ikona joy, happiness = hara (chara), eutihia (eutichia) culture = koultoura, politismos civilisation (civilization) = politismos ancient = arheos (archeos) Ancient Greece = arhea ellas (archea ellada) middle ages, dark ages = meseonas church = ekklisia Catholic = katholikos Iraq = irak Tibet = thivet Africa = afriki Europe = evropi, europi Asia = asia Balkans = valkania Italy = italia zero (0) = miden (midhen, mi-the-n) one (1) = ena two (2) = dio (dhio, the-o) three (3) = tria (tree-a) four (4) = tessera five (5) = pente six (6) = exi seven (7) = epta, efta eight (8) = okto nine (9) = ennea, ennia ten (10) = deka (dheka, the-ka) eleven (11) = edeka, endeka twelve (12) = dodeka (tho-the-ka) apostle = apostolos library = vivliothiki Mathematics = mathimatika law = nomos nation = ethnos country = hora (chora) aircraft = aeroskafos airplane = aeroplano spacecraft = diastimoplio moon = selini, feggari air = aeras war = polemos peace = irini (eirini) text, document = kimeno (keimeno), eggrafo object = antikimeno freedom = eleftheria free = eleftheros I = ego you = esi he = aftos she = afti it = afto we = emis they = afti (aftoi) help = voithia friend = filos (M), fili (F) friendly = filikos (M), filiki (F), filiko study = meleti dictionary = leksiko (lexiko) body = soma cat = gata dog = skilos fish = psari (Modern Greek), ichthis ant = mirmigi barbarian = varvaros quick = grigoros slow = arga, argos turtle = helona (chelona) sword = ksifos, spathi knight = ipotis (ippotis) Tibetan = thivetianos realism = realismos if = ean now = tora self = eaftos family = ikogenia (oikogeneia) economy = ikonomia (oikonomia) economics = ikonomika (oikonomika) ecology = ikologia (oikologia) good = kalos bad = kakos loan = danio (daneio) teacher = daskalos finger = dahtilo (dachtilo) yogurt = giaourti giant = gigantas carpet = hali (chali)
Note: The word Barbarian (varvaros) in Modern Greek also means "someone without any culture or civilisation, uncivilized".
- See also : Greek language
The Perseus Project, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ , has many useful pages for the study of classical languages and literatures, including dictionaries.
