Transnistria - Transnistria Transnistria or Transdniester (Russian: Pridnestrov'e, Romanian: Transnistria) is a region in eastern Europe. It is considered internationally to be part of Moldova, and previously part of the Moldavian SSR, but has declared independence as the Transdniestrian Moldovan Republic, with a capital at Tiraspol. The region has a Slavic-speaking majority, who fear unification with Romania. The name comes from it being the area of Moldava east of the river Nistria. The area had been controlled by the Ottoman Empire and was ceded to the Russian Empire in 1792. It was organised as the 'Moldavian Autonomous Oblast' in the Ukrainian SSR. After World War II, it was included with Bessarabia into the Moldavian SSR in exchange for the Southern Bessarabia ("Bugeac"), which was included in the Ukrainian.
Ion Antonescu - nationalism, thus his policy toward them differed by region, making a distinction between the Jews in the Old Kingdom (pre-WWI Romania) and the Jews from Bessarabia. While in the Old Kingdom there were only sporadic acts of violence (the biggest being the pogrom in Iasi, where a few hundred Jews were killed by German and Romanian troups), in 1941, following the advancing Romanian Army and attacks by Jewish Resistence groups, Antonescu ordered "the deportation of all Jews" (between 80,000 and 150,000) from Bessarabia and Bukovina (who were considered "communist agents") to Transnistria, where some of them died due to the harsh conditions. In 1943 they were allowed to return to Romania. Until 1942, he allowed and even encouraged the Zionist movement, thinking of solving the "Jewish problem" by allowing Jews to.
History of Moldova - contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early History 2 Beginning of the Soviet Period 3 World War II 4 Postwar Reestablishment of Soviet Control 5 Increasing Self-Expression 6 Secession of Gagauzia and Transnistria 7 Independence 7.1 Post Independence Early History Moldova's Latin origins can be traced to the period of Roman occupation of nearby Dacia (in present-day Romania, Bulgaria, and Serbia), ca. A.D. 105-270, when a culture was formed from the intermingling of Roman colonists and the local population. After the Roman Empire and its influence waned and its troops left the region in A.D. 271, a number of groups passed through the area, often violently: Huns, Ostrogoths, and Antes (who were Slavs). The Bulgarian Empire, the Magyars, the Pechenegs, and the Golden Horde (Mongols) also held sway temporarily. In the thirteenth century, Hungary.
Geography of Moldova - Nistru (Dnister, in Ukrainian; Dnestr in Russian) forms a small part of Moldova's border with Ukraine in the northeast, but it mainly flows through the eastern part of the country, separating Bessarabia and Transnistria. The Prut River forms Moldova's entire western boundary with Romania. It is the second-smallest of the former Soviet republics and the most densely populated. Moldova's economy resembles those of the Central Asian republics, rather than those of the other states on the western edge of the former Soviet Union. Location: Eastern Europe, northeast of Romania Geographic coordinates: 47 00 N, 29 00 E Map references: Commonwealth of Independent States Area: total: 33,843 sq km land: 33,371 sq km water: 472 sq km Area - comparative: slightly larger than Maryland Land boundaries: total: 1,389 km border countries: Romania.
Foreign relations of Moldova - up of Georgia, Ukraine, and Azerbaijan, in addition to Moldova. In 1999, Uzbekistan also joined the group, renamed GUUAM. Although the agreement initially included a declaration of mutual defense, Moldova has since declared its disinterest in participating in any GUUAM-based mutual defense initiative. As noted, Moldova has sought a peaceful resolution to the conflict in the Transnistria region by working with Romania, Ukraine, and Russia, by calling for international mediation, and by cooperating with the OSCE and UN fact-finding and observer missions. Disputes - international: separatist Transnistria region, comprising the area between the Nistru (Dniester) River and Ukraine, has its own de facto government, dominated by Moldovan Slavs Illicit drugs: limited cultivation of opium poppy and cannabis, mostly for CIS consumption; transshipment point for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia via Central.
Dniestr - near the border with Poland, and flows toward the Black Sea. For a short while it marks the border of Ukraine and Moldova, after this on the east bank is the breakaway region of Transnistria. It leaves this region and becomes the international border again, then flows through Ukraine to the Black Sea. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Demographics of Moldova - Russians constituting approximately 25 percent and Ukrainians 13 percent. The proportion of ethnic Russians and Ukrainians in the capital's population decreased in the years immediately after 1989 because of the emigration resulting from Moldavia's changing political situation and civil unrest. The second largest city in the republic, Tiraspol, had a population of 184,000 in 1990. It is located in Transnistria and served as the capital of the Moldavian ASSR from 1929 to 1940. It has remained an important center of administration, transportation, and manufacturing. In contrast to Chisinau, Tiraspol had a population of only some 18 percent ethnic Romanians, with most of the remainder being ethnic Russians (41 percent) and Ukrainians (32 percent). Other important cities include Balti (Bel'tsy, in Russian), with a population of 162,000 in 1990, and Bender (or.
Bessarabia - region to Russia. After the Crimean War, the southern part was handed over to Moldavia, but this reverted to Russian rule in 1878. After the Russian Revolution, the area declared itself an independent republic, but the local National Council decided upon union with Romania. The union was confirmed by Romania's western allies in the Treaty of Paris (1920), but not recognised by the Soviet Union. In June 1940, Romania had to cede the region to the Soviet Union, which divided it between the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Ukrainian SSR. Bessarabia's northern and southern districts (largely inhabited by Ukrainians and Romanians) were exchanged with Transnistria (the districts on the left or eastern bank of the Dniestr, largely inhabited by Russians). Following the Soviet takeover, many Moldavians of Romanian origin were.
Communications in Moldova - main daily newspaper in the republic, Moldova Suverana, is published by the government. Sfatul Tarii is published by Parliament, which also publishes the daily Nezavisimaya Moldova in Russian. Other principal newspapers include Rabochiy Tiraspol' (in Russian, the main newspaper of the Slavs in Transnistria), Tara, Tineretul Moldovei/Molodëzh Moldovy (in Romanian and Russian), and Viata satului (published by the government). The main cultural publication in Moldova is the weekly journal Literatura si arts, published by the Union of Writers of Moldova. Other principal periodicals include Basarabia (also published by the writers' union), Chiparus, Alunelul, Femeie Moldovei, Lanterna Magica, Moldova, Noi, and SudEst . Kishinëvskiye novosti, Kodry, and Russkoye slovo are Russian-language periodicals. Other minority-language periodicals include Prosvita and Homin in Ukrainian, Ana sözu and Cîrlangaci in Gagauz, Rodno slovo in Bulgarian, and.
Culture of Moldova - mélange has produced a rich cultural tradition. Although foreign contacts were an inevitable consequence of the region's geography, their influence only served to enhance a vital and resilient popular culture. The regional population had come to identify itself widely as "Moldovan" by the fourteenth century but continued to maintain close cultural links with other Romanian groups. The eastern Moldovans, however, those inhabiting Bessarabia and Transnistria, were also influenced by Slavic culture from neighboring Ukraine. During the periods 1812-1917 and 1944-89, the eastern Moldovans were influenced by Russian and Soviet administrative control as well and by ethnic Russian immigration. Bessarabia was one of the least-developed and least-educated European regions of the Russian Empire. In 1930 its literacy rate was only 40 percent, according to a Romanian census. Although Soviet authorities promoted education.
Separatism - by a small minority of Anglophone Montrealers. Rejection of this status quo led to the growth of Quebec-first separatist groups in the 1960s and '70s. Spain's Basque areas, which have not been independent for millennia, developed violent separatist groups in reaction to the violent suppression of Francisco Franco's regime. A similar pattern was followed in Ethiopia where Eritrean rebels were far more angry at despotism and corruption than passionate about the nation of Eritrea which does not have a long or distinctive history. Countries that have recently broken apart because of separatist movements: Soviet Union Czechoslovakia Ethiopia Indonesia Yugoslavia Countries with substantial separatist movements: Belgium - Both Flemish and Walloon separatists exist, but the Flemish are more prominent Canada - French-speaking province of Quebec (FLQ, Parti Québécois, Bloc Québécois) China -.
Politics of Moldova - won after the Popular Front's efforts to organize a voter boycott failed. Moldova's transition to democracy initially had been impeded by an ineffective Parliament, the lack of a new constitution, a separatist movement led by the Gagauz (Christian Turkic) minority in the south, and unrest in the Transnistria region on the left bank of the Nistru/Dniester River, where a separatist movement--assisted by uniformed Russian military forces in the region and led by supporters of the 1991 coup attempt in Moscow--declared a "Dniester republic." Progress has been made on all these fronts. In 1992, the government negotiated a cease-fire arrangement with Russian and Transnistrian officials--although tensions continue--and negotiations are ongoing. In February 1994, new legislative elections were held, and the ineffective Parliament that had been elected in 1990 to a 5-year term.
Military of Moldova - "look-alikes;" eighteen 122mm and fifty-three 152mm towed artillery units; nine 120mm combined guns/mortars; seventy AT-4 Spigot, nineteen AT-5 Spandral, and twenty-seven AT-6 Spiral antitank guided weapons; a 73mm SPG-9 recoilless launcher, forty-five MT-12 100mm anti-tank guns; and thirty ZU-23 23mm and twelve S-60 57mm air defense guns. Moldova has received some arms from former Soviet stocks maintained on the territory of the republic as well as undetermined quantities of arms from Romania, particularly at the height of the fighting with Transnistria. In 1994 the Moldovan air force consisted of 1,300 men organized into one fighter regiment, one helicopter squadron, and one missile brigade. Equipment used by the air force included thirty-one MiG-29 aircraft, eight Mi-8 helicopters, five transport aircraft (including an An-72), and twenty-five SA-3/-5 surface-to-air missiles. Other military forces also.
Moldavian SSR - constituent republic of the Soviet Union from 1940 to 1990. It comprised the area of Transnistria, which had previously been an autonomous region of the Ukrainian SSR and parts of Romania that had been allocated to the Soviet Union by the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. The states name was changed to the Republic of Moldova in 1991, and it declared independence after the attempted coup in the Soviet Union. See also: Republics of the Soviet Union This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
