North-West Frontier, Pakistan - North-West Frontier, Pakistan North-West Frontier is the smallest of the four provinces of Pakistan. Neighbouring regions are Afghanistan to the west and north, Northern Areas and Azad Kashmir to the east and Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Punjab and Islamabad Capital Territory to the south. Its area is 74,521 km² and its districts include Hazara, not to be confused with the Hazara people of Afghanistan..
Northern Areas, Pakistan - Northern Areas, Pakistan Northern Areas in Pakistan refers to a Pakistani-controlled region of Kashmir, at the extreme north of Pakistan. It borders to the north with Afghanistan and China, to the south with India and Azad Kashmir and to the west with North-West Frontier, Pakistan..
History of Pakistan - History of Pakistan Pakistan, along with India, was one of two states created out of the territory of British colonial India in 1947. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Ancient South Asia 2 Background to creation of Pakistan 3 1971 Civil War 4 1977-1985 Martial Law 5 The Democratic Interregnum 6 Return of Military Rule 7 Kashmir Ancient South Asia Main article: History of South Asia The territory of present-day Pakistan has been the home of many civilizations. Archeological explorations have revealed impressive ruins of a 4,500-year old urban civilization in Pakistan's Indus River valley (see Indus Valley civilization). This civilization declined around 1500-1900 B.C. One major theory is that the Indus Valley civilization was crushed by successive invasions (circa 2000 B.C. and 1400 B.C.) of Aryans, Indo-European.
Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Pakistan - Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Pakistan Federally Administered Tribal Areas are areas of Pakistan outside any of the four provinces. Neighbouring regions are: Afghanistan to the west, North-West Frontier to the north, Punjab to the east and Balochistan to the south. The area is 27,220 km². See also: North-West Frontier, Pakistan, List of capitals of subnational entities, Balochistan, Pakistan, Politics of Pakistan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Politics of Pakistan - Politics of Pakistan The Pakistan Constitution of 1973, amended substantially in 1985 under Muhammad Zia ul-Haq, was suspended by the military government on October 12, 1999. Pervez Musharraf has committed to return Pakistan to democratic, civilian rule but the implications of his promised structural reforms on the country's previous parliamentary system are unknown. Under the Provisional Constitutional Order and its amendments, all power flows from and to the Chief Executive, who also holds the posts of Chief of Army Staff and Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff. The Judiciary is proscribed from issuing any order contrary to the decisions of the Chief Executive, and the President, Cabinet, National Security Council, and Governors serve at his discretion. In practice, Musharraf consults extensively with his civilian appointees and Corps Commanders.
Punjab, Pakistan - Punjab, Pakistan The Punjab province of Pakistan is part of the larger Punjab region. Neighbouring areas are Sindh to the south, Balochistan and Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Pakistan to the west, North-West Frontier, Pakistan to the north and Punjab, India and other Indian states to the east. It is the second largest province at 205,344 km² and has the largest population: approximately 70 million in 1994. It contains the Thal and Cholistan deserts. Tourism: Taxila Cities: Bahwalpur, Faisalabad, Lahore, Multan, Rawalpindi, Rabwah, Sialkot.
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan - violence. I shall not retaliate or take revenge, and shall forgive anyone who indulges in oppression and excesses against me.” Also known as the “Red Shirts”, the organization recruited over 100,000 members and became legendary in opposing (and dying) at the hands of the British controlled police and army. Through strikes, political organization and non-violent opposition, the Khudai Khidmatgar was able to achieve some temporary success and came to dominate the politics of the North West Frontier Province (now a part of Pakistan) from 1930 until 1947. Although Ghaffar Khan was a champion of woman’s rights and non-violence, he became a hero in a society dominated by violence and machismo. Notwithstanding his liberal views, his unswerving faith and obvious bravery led to his recognition as the Badshah Khan – the “khan.
Islamabad Capital Territory - Islamabad Capital Territory is a small region of Pakistan containing the capital city Islamabad. It is located in the north of Punjab or the south of North-West Frontier. Its size is 906 sq km..
Hijab - on what constitutes hijab vary from Muslim to Muslim. Some say that both sexes should cover their head, wrists, and ankles. Some say that women should cover their hair, or their face as well. Some liberal Muslims in the West choose to follow hijab by dressing in a way that would be considered modest for the culture in which they find themselves - e.g. Western business clothes. Some believe that hijab is unfair towards women, charging that repressive cultures use hijab to subjugate and oppress them. On the other hand, many Muslim women, including in Western cultures, state that they prefer to follow hijab as a sign of their faith. For example, the Taliban practice of forcing Afghan women to wear burqas was propogated as being very cruel and misogynistic, however.
Houston, Texas - the United States and is one of the two largest economic areas in Texas. It is the county seat of Harris County6 and the far west portion of Houston also extends into Fort Bend County. Houston is situated in East Texas. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 1,953,631. Houston is one of the newest and fastest growing major cities in the United States. 50 years ago there were less than 500,000 people here, and 100 years ago Houston was the 85th largest town in the U.S. Now, quoted as the "Fastest Growing City in America" and "the Most Popular City to Relocate," there are as many as 5 million people living in the Houston Metropolitan Area. Houston covers about 600 square miles in area, and.
Geography of Afghanistan - 3 Climate 4 Vegetation 5 Reference Overview Location: Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, east of Iran Geographic coordinates: 33 00 N, 65 00 E Map references: Asia Area: total: 647,500 km² land: 647,500 sq km water: 0 sq km Land boundaries: total: 5,529 km border countries: People's Republic of China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km, Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km Coastline: 0 km (landlocked) Maritime claims: none (landlocked) Rivers: Amu Darya, Kabul River, Hari Rud, Helmand River. Climate: arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers Terrain: mostly rugged mountains - the Hindu Kush and connected ranges; plains in north and southwest Elevation extremes: lowest point: Amu Darya 258 m highest point: Nowshak 7,485 m Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper,.
George Bush Intercontinental Airport - Bush Intercontinental Airport is twenty miles north of downtown Houston, Texas, USA. The airport is Texas' second largest air facility, after the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport. It is located between Interstate 45 and Highway 59, inside the Houston city limits and adjacent to the cities of Aldine, and Humble. Bush Intercontinental has flights to other parts of the United States, as well as to Canada, Latin America, Europe, and Japan. George Bush Intercontinental, named after George H. W. Bush, the 41st President of the United States and father of the current President George W. Bush, is the hub of Continental Airlines, and, because of its closeness to their hubs in Dallas, both American Airlines and Southwest Airlines also keep a large presence there. However, the only city that Southwest serves with.
Geography of the Soviet Union - scenes from Soviet Central Asia resembled the Australian outback. The Crimean coast on the Black Sea was the Soviet Riviera, and the mountains rimming the southern boundary were as imposing as the Swiss Alps. However, most of the topography and climate resembles that of the northernmost portion of the North American continent. The northern forests and the plains to the south find their closest counterparts in the Yukon Territory and in the wide swath of land extending across most of Canada. Similarities in terrain, climate, and settlement patterns between Siberia and Alaska and Canada are unmistakable. After the Bolshevik Revolution and the ensuing Civil War (1918- 21), Soviet regimes transformed, often radically, the country's physical environment. In the 1970s and 1980s, Soviet citizens, from the highest officials to ordinary factory workers.
Foreign relations of Bangladesh - of South Asian leaders in Dhaka in December 1985. Bangladesh has served in the chairmanship of SAARC and has participated in a wide range of ongoing SAARC regional activities. In recent years, Bangladesh has played a significant role in international peacekeeping activities. Several thousand Bangladeshi military personnel are deployed overseas on peacekeeping operations. Under UN auspices, Bangladeshi troops have served or are serving in Somalia, Rwanda, Mozambique, Kuwait, Bosnia, and Haiti, and units are currently serving in Kuwait and East Timor. Bangladesh responded quickly to President Clinton's 1994 request for troops and police for the multinational force for Haiti and provided the largest non-U.S. contingent. Bilateral Relations With Other Nations Bangladesh is bordered on the west, north, and east by a 2,400-kilometer land frontier with India, and on the southeast by.
European influence in Afghanistan - around Kabul, the amir next chose to confront the Sikhs. In 1834 Dost Mohammad defeated an invasion by the former ruler, Shah Shuja, but his absence from Kabul gave the Sikhs the opportunity to expand westward. Ranjit Singh's forces occupied Peshawar, moving from there into territory ruled directly by Kabul. In 1836 Dost Mohammad's forces, under the command of his son Mohammad Akbar Khan, defeated the Sikhs at Jamrud, a post fifteen kilometers west of Peshawar. The Afghan leader did not follow up this triumph by retaking Peshawar, however, but instead contacted Lord Auckland, the new British governor general in India, for help in dealing with the Sikhs. With this letter, Dost Mohammad formally set the stage for British intervention in Afghanistan. At the heart of the Great Game lay the.
Democratic Republic of Afghanistan - 1979 4 The search for popular support 5 Internal refugees: flight to the cities 6 Factionalism 7 Mohammad Najibullah, 1986-1992 8 The Soviet decision to withdraw, 1986-1988 9 The Geneva accords, 1987-1989 10 The failure to bring peace 11 Pakistan's attempt at a political solution, 1987-1988 12 Stalemate: The Civil War, 1989-1992 13 The demise of the Soviet Union, 1991 14 The fall of Kabul, April 1992 15 The United Nations plan for political accommodation 16 References The Communists take power, 1978 On April 27, 1978 a coup was initiated, reportedly by Hafizullah Amin while he was under house arrest. Mohammed Daoud Khan was killed the next day. The communist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) gained control and on May 1 Nur Mohammed Taraki became President. The country was then.
Afghanistan timeline 1971-1975 - as prime minister on June 9. Zahir makes earnest efforts to reach a good understanding with parliament; and when he presents his list of ministers to the king in July, he is able to put forward the general desire that the administration concentrate attention on the difficulties of low-income groups. The king gives an assurance that the wishes of the legislators will be respected. August 1971 The government takes the unprecedented step of launching a worldwide appeal for food after the most serious drought in the country's history. The economic life of the country is severely affected; it is feared that almost three-quarters of the nation's sheep, the main meat staple, might have perished. Large numbers of people cross into Pakistan and Iran in search of food. The response, especially from.
Afghanistan timeline 1961-1965 - income over the plan period. Industrial production is to rise 375% and investment 500%. Late August 1961 Due to the controversy over Pakhtunistan (or Pathanistan; the Afghan demand for self-determination for about 7,000,000 members of border tribes), the Pakistan government closes Afghan consulates and trade missions in its territory. Afghanistan thereupon sets September 6 as a deadline for Pakistan to rescind the order. Pakistan does not. On September 3 Afghanistan seals its side of the border and on September 6 breaks relations. The consequences are far-reaching, as Afghanistan then demands that all trade, including U.S. economic aid, be channeled through Soviet access routes. Sixty percent of the Afghan population is Pakhtun (Pathan) and Afghanistan has steadfastly refused to accept the old Afghan-British Durand line of 1893 as a suitable permanent boundary.
Afghanistan timeline 1956-1960 - of the Soviet credits is earmarked for arms from the U.S.S.R. and Czechoslovakia and $60,000,000 for building airports and roads. March 21-22, 1956 On his way to India, Anastas Mikoyan stays in Kabul. July 1956 Adnan Menderes, the Turkish prime minister, pays a five-day visit to Afghanistan. August 1956 Maj.Gen. Iskandar Mirza, the president of Pakistan, stays four days in the Afghan capital. It is believed that both Menderes and Mirza discussed at Kabul the possibility of Afghanistan's joining the Baghdad Pact, the problems of the Pathan or Pakhtu tribesmen, and their aspiration for a "Pakhtunistan" state. November 1956 Mohammad Daud, the Afghan prime minister, visits Karachi, Pakistan. No mention is made thereafter in Afghan official statements of the "Pakhtunistan" question, that is, Afghan plans to create a separate state for.
Afghanistan timeline 1951-1955 - As in the previous year, relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan are not happy, because of charges and countercharges regarding border incidents and, on the Pakistan side, particularly because of the alleged encouragement by Afghanistan of the so-called "Pashtunistan" movement. January 1951 A visit of the Afghan prime minister, Shah Mahmud Khan, to New Delhi gives an indication of the cordial relationship maintained with India. Shah Mahmud is entertained by the government of India and a tribute to Indo-Afghan relations is paid by Chhakravarthi Rajagopalachari, Indian home minister. February 1951 Under the Point Four program, an agreement with the United States is signed in Kabul to assist the Afghan government in the economic development of the country. September 5, 1951 The Afghan prime minister, who is paying yet another visit to Delhi,.
