Nomadic people - Nomadic people Communities of nomadic people move from place to place, rather than settling down in one location. Many cultures have been traditionally nomadic, but nomadic behaviour is increasingly rare in industrialised countries. Nomadic people in industrialized nations: Roma and Sinti Irish Travellers Indigenous nomadic peoples: Bedouins Innu Tuaregs Historic nomadic peoples: Avars Khazars Moors Mongols Wu Hu.
Germanic peoples - the broad label of Germanic (Latin: Germanicus) by the Romans. In the absence of large-scale political unification, such as that imposed by the Romans upon the peoples of Italy, it is doubtful that most of these groups viewed themselves as connected in any direct cultural, linguistic, or political sense. The idea of a single German people, or Volk, is a relatively recent development, largely invented by 19th century Nationalist writers after the disastrous Napoleonic Wars. They did, however, have a name for non-Germanic peoples, Walha, from which the local names Welsh, Wallis, Walloon, and Wallachia have been derived. They also spoke mutually intelligible dialects and shared a common mythology and story telling as testified by f.i. Beowulf and the Saga of the Volsungs. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Origin 2 Migration.
Tibetan people - Tibetan people The Tibetan people are an ethnic group from Tibet. They speak the Tibetan language natively and form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. The Tibetan race, which probably belongs to the Turko-Mongol stock, is divided between the nomadic tentdwelling Tibetans of the lake region and transition zone between it and the river region, and the settled sedentary population of the valleys. The tent-dwelling Tibetans, called Dokpa or Drupa (spelt hbrog-pa), or Steppe-dwellers, are generally of a more Mongolized type than the people of the lowlands. The head is mesati-cephalic, verging on brachycephalic in the case of many of the Dokpa; the hair is black and somewhat wavy; the eyes are usually of a clear brown, in some.
Vegetarianism - books Eating Well for Optimum Health. (This is not true vegetarianism) In the United States, vegetarianism is usually synonymous with ovo-lacto vegetarianism; and will sometimes be assumed to tolerate some meat, for instance, chicken (or "at least" fish). It is also possible to order a vegetarian meal and be served meat. In the UK, due to its sizeable Hindu minority, vegetarianism often refers to the Hindu practice described below. Strict vegetarians avoid the consumption of all animal products (e.g. eggs, milk and cheese.) Today, these people are commonly called vegans, though some reserve this term for those who additionally avoid usage of all kinds of animal products, not just food (e.g. leather). Hindus of certain castes are forbidden from consuming anything gained at the expense of an animal's suffering: e.g. meat,.
Khazars - Khazars The Khazars were a semi-nomadic people from Central Asia who adopted Judaism and whose descendants might now be spread over the world. They founded the independent Khazar kingdom in the 7th century C.E. in the southeastern part of today's Europe, near the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus. In addition to western Kazakhstan, the Khazar kingdom also included territory in what is now eastern Ukraine, southern Russia, and Crimea. The name 'Khazar' itself seems to be tied to a Turkic verb meaning "wandering." Khazar history is intimately tied with that of the Gokturk empire, founded when the Asena clan overthrew the Juan Juan in AD 552. With the collapse of the Gokturk empire/tribal confederation due to internal conflict in the seventh century, the western half of the Turk empire itself.
Koala - break into a surprisingly athletic gallop, heading for the nearest tree and bounding up it to a safe height; then waiting, with the endless paitence of a creature that routinely sleeps for 18 hours a day, for the intruder to go away. Females reach sexual maturity at two years of age and, if healthy, will produce one young each year for about 12 years. Gestation is 35 days; twins are very rare. At birth, the tiny young crawls into the downwards-facing pouch on the mother's belly (which is closed by a drawstring-like muscle that the mother can tighten at will) and attaches itself to one of the two teats. Young remain hidden in the pouch for about six months, and leave it permanantly after 7 months. They remain with the mother.
Vedic civilization - the earliest civilization in Indian history of which we have written records. It is named after the Vedas, the early literature of the Vedic people. The Vedic texts have astronomical dates that some have claimed go back to the 5th millennium BC. The use of Vedic Sanskrit continued up to the 6th century BC. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The early Aryans 1.1 Political organization 1.2 Society and economy 1.3 Literature and Religion 2 The later Vedic period 2.4 Kingdoms 2.5 Society 3 References The early Aryans Unfortunately, the origin of the Vedic civilization and its relation to the Indus Valley civilization remains highly controversial. The texts describe a geography that some believe to be north India. The greatest river of the Rigveda was Sarasvati, often identified with the defunct Hakra.
Jugurtha - (c. 160 - 104 BC) King of Numidia. The people of Numidia were semi-nomadic, indistinguishable from the other Berbers in North Africa until the reign of Masinissa, who became a Roman ally in 206 BC, with a kingdom roughly equivalent to modern Algeria. His son Micipsa succeeded him in 148 B.C. Jugurtha, Masinissa's illegitimate grandson, was very popular among the Numidians -- so popular that Micipsa sent him away to Spain, but there Jugurtha made influential Roman contacts. When Micipsa died in 118, the kingdom of Numidia was ruled by Micipsa's two sons Hiempsal (whom Jugurtha had assassinated) and Adherbal, and Jugurtha. Then, when Jugurtha attacked Adherbal, he fled to Rome for help. Jugurtha, meanwhile, bribed officials in Rome. They divided Numidia into two parts, with Jugurtha assigned the western and.
Innu - Their most important resource is the caribou, and the animal is culturally very significant to them. Their language, Innu-aimun, is spoken throughout Nitassinan, with certain dialect differences. The Innu people are sometimes sub-divided into two communities, the Montagnais ["mountain people" in French] who live along the shore of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, and the less numerous Naskapi ["inland people" in Innu-aimun] who live farther North. However, the Innu themselves dislike these terms, and according to most sources the distinction is anyway largely an artificial one invented by the French colonisers. Neither group has any common heritage with the Inuit, a completely separate people whose lands lie much further North. The Innu have never officially surrendered their territory to Canada. As a consequence of this they are not registered under the.
Irish Traveller - Irish Gypsies or Irish Tinkers) are itinerant people of Irish origin living in Great Britain, Ireland and the United States. Their pursuit of a nomadic lifestyle in these urbanized countries has generated much friction with the settled population, many of whom have characterised them as thieves or accused them of causing problems due to large amount of rubbish left behind at sites they have stayed at temporarily. There have also been some highly-publicized scams, on the Discovery Channel and elsewhere, that happened to be perpretrated by Irish Travelers. These have lead to stereotyping of all Irish Travellers. The Shelta language is the traditional language of the Irish Travellers, adapted as a jargon from the Irish language. "They form a separate social group and are distinguished by mainstream Irish society even when.
History of Colombia - peoples with various kinds of organization and levels of civilization. These include primitive hunters or nomadic farmers but also for example the Sinú, who lived in the northern hot and humid lowlands and had developed a very efficient system for enhancing the fertility of their soils. Other precolombian populations include Nariño, Tierradientro, San Augustín, Quimbaya... The Chibchas, lived in the Bogota region, but there was nothing like a dominating people among them. The Spanish sailed along the north coast of today's Colombia as early as 1500, but their first permanent settlement, at Santa Marta, was not made until 1525. In 1549, the establishment of the Audiencia in Santa Fe de Bogota, turned that city into the capital of the New Granada, which included the provinces which approximately make up the territory.
History of Djibouti - was created in the first half of the 19th century as a result of French interest in the Horn of Africa. However, the history of Djibouti, recorded in poetry and songs of its nomadic peoples, goes back thousands of years to a time when Djiboutians traded hides and skins for the perfumes and spices of ancient Egypt, India, and China. Through close contacts with the Arabian peninsula for more than 1,000 years, the Somali and Afar tribes in this region became the first on the African continent to adopt Islam. It was Rochet d'Hericourt's exploration into Shoa (1839-42) that marked the beginning of French interest in the African shores of the Red Sea. Further exploration by Henri Lambert, French Consular Agent at Aden, and Captain Fleuriot de Langle led to a.
History of the Levant - coordinated projects like irrigation and warfare. Along with cities came a number of advances in technology. By around the 31st century BC, writing, the wheel, and other such innovations had been introduced. By now the Sumerian Peoples of south Mesopotamia were all organized into a variety of independent City-states, such as Ur and Uruk, which by around 26th century BC had begun to coalesce into larger political units. By accommodating the conquered people's gods, religion became more polytheistic and government became somewhat more secular; the title of lugal, big man, appears along side the earlier religious titles, although his primary duty is still the worship of the state gods. This process came to its natural conclusion with the development of the first empires around the 24th century BC. A people called.
Hittites - related to the biblical Hittites were hieroglyphic scripts found at Aleppo and Hamath in Northern Syria. The script matched the script on a monument at Boghazkoy by an Indoeuropean "People of the Land of Hatti" whose rule was then hastily identified by Archibald Sayce as that of the biblical Hittites. Although it has since been discovered that the language & people commonly referred to as Hittite cannot actually be the same as the Biblical Hittites, as T. Bryce states the name has stuck for convenience sake (Oxford 1998). Thus Hittite is used to describe a kingdom in central Asia Minor, which at its height controlled Asia Minor and Mesopotamia (today's central, eastern and southern Turkey and northern Syria) in the 2nd millennium B.C. Although their empire was composed from many diverse.
History of Libya - being recognized by the payment of tribute, or “presents.” In May 1801 the pasha demanded from the United States an increase in the tribute ($83,000) which that government had paid since 1796 for the protection of their commerce from piracy. The demand was refused, an American naval force blockaded Tripoli, and a desultory war dragged on until June 3, 1805. In 1835, the government of Sultan Mahmud II took advantage of local disturbances to reassert their direct authority and held it until the final collapse of the Ottoman Empire. As decentralized Ottoman power had resulted in the virtual independence of Egypt as well as Tripoli, the coast and desert lying between them relapsed to anarchy, even after direct Ottoman control was resumed in Tripoli. The Islamic political/religious brotherhood of the Senussi.
History of Belarus - living there, early ethnic integrations that contributed to the gradual differentation of the three East Slavic nations. These East Slavs were pagan, animistic, agrarian people whose economy included trade in agricultural produce, game, furs, honey, beeswax and amber. During the 9th and 10th centuries, the Rus tribe of the Scandinavian Vikings established trade posts on the way from Scandinavia to Byzantine Empire. The network of lakes and rivers crossing East Slav territory provided a lucrative trade route between the two civilizations. In the course of trade, they gradually took sovereignty over tribes of East Slavs, at least to the point required by improvements in trade. The Rus rulers on few occasions invaded the Byzantine Empire, but eventually they became their ally against the Bulgars. The condition underlying this alliance was to.
Hippie - members of the 1960s counterculture movement who adopted a communal or nomadic lifestyle, renounced corporate nationalism and the Vietnam War, embraced aspects of Buddhism or Native American religious culture, and were otherwise at odds with traditional middle-class Western values. They saw paternalistic government, corporate industry, and traditional social mores as part of a unified Establishment that had no authentic legitimacy. The term derived from hipster which referred to white people in the US who were 'hip' or became involved with Black culture, e.g. Harry "The Hipster" Gibson. September 6, 1965, marked the first San Francisco newspaper story, by Michael Fellon, that used the word 'hippie' to refer to the younger bohemians (as opposed to the older Beat Generation). The name did not catch on with the establishment press until almost two.
History of Canada - Conscription Crisis of 1944 23 The post-war world and the Cold War 24 The new flag 25 The Quiet Revolution 26 The October Crisis 27 Trudeau and the 1970s 28 The 1980 Quebec Referendum 29 The new constitution 30 Brian Mulroney 31 The 1995 Quebec Referendum 32 Contemporary issues The First Nations At around 10,000 BC, the first people entered what is now Canada, having travelled over the Bering Strait. These First Nations, as they are called in Canada, spread over all of Canada, adapting themselves to the various surroundings. Peoples varied from the Cree in northern Quebec, to the Haida and Salish on the Pacific coast, to the Iroquois in the Saint Lawrence River valley, to the Beothuks in Newfoundland. Another group, the Inuit, lived in the arctic regions. The.
History of El Salvador - of two large indigenous states and several principalities. The indigenous inhabitants were the Pipils, a tribe of nomadic Nahua people long established in Central Mexico. Early in their history, they became one of the few Mesoamerican indigenous groups to abolish human sacrifice. Otherwise, their culture was similar to that of their Aztec and Mayan neighbours. Remains of Nahua culture are still found at ruins such as Tazumal (near Chalchuapa), San Andres (northeast of Armenia), and Joya De Ceren (north of Colón). The first Spanish attempt to subjugate this area failed in 1524, when Pedro de Alvarado was forced to retreat by Pipil warriors. In 1525, he returned and succeeded in bringing the district under control of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, which retained its authority until 1821, despite an abortive revolution.
History of Ukraine - is now Ukraine were Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians, and Goths, among other nomadic peoples who arrived throughout the first millennium B.C. These people were well known to colonists and traders in the ancient world, including Greeks and Romans, who established trading outposts which eventually became city states. Slavic tribes occupied central and eastern Ukraine in the sixth century A.D. and played an important role in the establishment of Kiev. In the 9th century Kiev was conquered from the Khazars by the Varangian (Swedish Viking) Oleg. Situated on lucrative trade routes, Kiev quickly prospered as the center of the powerful Slavic/Scandinavian state of Kievan Rus. In the 11th century, Kievan Rus was, geographically, the largest state in Europe. A Christian missionary, Cyril, converted the Kievan nobility (mostly Varangians) and most of the population.
